New Products Adafruit Industries Makers, hackers, artists, designers and engineers! These panels are normally used to make video walls, here in New York we see them Adafruit Matrix Portal - CircuitPython Powered Internet Display, Black LED Diffusion Acrylic Panel - 10.2" x 5.1", Creating MatrixPortal Projects with CircuitPython, RGB Matrix FeatherWing for M0/M4 feathers, RGB Matrix FeatherWing for nRF52840 feathers. For this guide we're going to cover using a MatrixPortal M4 along with a 64x32 matrix as those are both very popular options and are feature complete. Adafruits Circuit Playground is jam-packed with LEDs, sensors, buttons, alligator clip pads and more. This page (Overview) was last updated on Oct 19, 2020. Adafruit Matrix Portal - CircuitPython Powered Internet Display Folks love our wide selection of RGB matrices and accessories, for making custom colorful LED displays. The ATtiny1616 is part of the 'next gen' of AVR microcontrollers, and now we have a cute development/breakout board for it, with just enough hardware to get the chip up and running. If you've played with multiplexed RGB matrices, you may have wondered "hey, could we possibly manufacture these on a thin enough PCB so it's flexible?" Join us every Wednesday night at 8pm ET for Ask an Engineer! Here are a few of them with guides available. Sorry, the comment form is closed at this time. - Adafruit Learning System IoT Power Outlet with CircuitPython and Adafruit IO Adafruit 1.44" Color TFT LCD Display with MicroSD Card breakout, Adafruit Metro M7 with AirLift - Featuring NXP iMX RT1011, 2.0" 320x240 Color IPS TFT Display with microSD Card Breakout, Adafruit Feather RP2040 SCORPIO - 8 Channel NeoPixel Driver, Adafruit 5x5 NeoPixel Grid BFF Add-On for QT Py and Xiao, Adafruit PiCowbell Proto for Pico - Reset Button & STEMMA QT, nOOds - Flexible LED Filament - 3V 300mm long - Warm White. If you had aFeather M4 Expresswith anRGB Matrix FeatherWing for M0/M4 feathers, you could still get the benefit of RGB Matrix automatically initializing. Meanwhile, the ESP32 has secure WiFi capabilities, and plenty of Flash and RAM to buffer sockets. A whole wide world of electronics and coding is waiting for you, and it fits in the palm of your hand. This library is built on top of thergbmatrixandframebufferiomodules which are included as part of CircuitPython on many of our boards. http://adafru.it/discord, CircuitPython The easiest way to program microcontrollers CircuitPython.org, Maker Business Chip inventories rise as demand falls, Electronics This tips a real circuit slugger, Python for Microcontrollers Python on Microcontrollers Newsletter: Using AI to Program Pong, CircuitPython 8.0.3 is Out and Much More! Only a minimum amount of computing power is needed. The arrival of the Matrix Portal M4 board made another sequel inevitable this time a retro-style return to form of our first project of the series, but punching it up with bright colors, full-screen themes, and coded all in CircuitPythonnow. The Electronics Show and Tell is every Wednesday at 7pm ET! Microsoft Research's easy-to-use app is a match made in heaven for the MatrixPortal, it takes only a minute to install the firmware on your Matrix, and then you can create, display and store animations right from the Windows 10 app, video. We also have a library for lower-level control of just the RGB Matrix, but it doesn't have integrated WiFi access so we recommend using the MatrixPortal library. It was originally written for the 64x32 matrix, but has also been tested on the 64x64 matrix, 16x32 matrix and 32x32 matrix as well. You have been successfully subscribed to the Notification List for this product and will therefore receive an e-mail from us when it is back in stock! Introduction CircuitPython helper for Adafruit MatrixPortal M4, Adafruit RGB Matrix Shield + Metro M4 Airlift Lite, and Adafruit RGB Matrix FeatherWings Dependencies This driver depends on: Adafruit CircuitPython Please ensure all dependencies are available on the CircuitPython filesystem. It was last They are a mess to deal with directly. We'll go through each of the classes starting from the bottom and working our way up the diagram starting with the Network branch. Plug directly into the back of any HUB-75 compatible display (all the ones we stock will work) from 16x32 up to 64x64! The SAMD51 M4 has native USB so it can show up like a disk drive, act as a MIDI or HID keyboard/mouse, and of course bootload and debug over a serial port. It features a cortex M4 and the ESP32. Dream no more - with the Adafruit Matrix Portal add-on for RGB Matrices, there has never been an easier way to create powerful internet-connected LED displays. Folks love our wide selection of RGB matrices and accessories, for making custom colorful LED displays and our RGB Matrix Shields and FeatherWings can be quickly soldered together to make the wiring much easier. to use Codespaces. Like, no solder, no wiring, just instant plug-and-play? Stop breadboarding and soldering start making immediately! The M4 and ESP32 are a great couple - and each bring their own strengths to this board. Please remember that this subscription will not result in you receiving any e-mail from us about anything other than the restocking of this item. Adafruit Matrix Portal - The star of the show! This module will initialize the Matrix through the matrix module. Structure is a good approximation, but not the same, Adafruit Weekly Editorial Round-Up: Womens, John Parks CircuitPython Parsec: Rainbowio, New Prods 2/22/23 Feat. It was last This makes a nifty Halloween window or tabletop display. In the field of fluid dynamics, the Navier-Stokes equations are considered to be the governing equations for fluid flow. Here's what you get: The Matrix Portal uses an ATMEL (Microchip) ATSAMD51J19, and an Espressif ESP32 Wi-Fi coprocessor with TLS/SSL support built-in. and our RGB Matrix Shields. Have an amazing project to share? These panels are normally used to make video walls, here in New York we see them nice whoppin' rectangular slab of some lovely black acrylic to add some extra diffusion to your LED Matrix project. However, by ignoring the effects of viscosity and density changes (compressibility), the equations reduce down to a much more tractable form known as Laplace's equation, which has applications in more than just fluid dynamics. Plug The Matrix Portal directly into the back of any HUB-75 compatible display (all the ones we stock will work) from 16x32 up to 64x64! Project for displaying the details of planes overhead on an Adafruit MatrixPortal and LED matrix (video sped up to make the file fit, the speeds and delays are configurable anyway) Uses an Adafruit MatrixPortal and a 64x32 LED/RGB Matrix (P4), and some fairly hacked-together FlightRadar24 API-style scraping to display the details of flights . pation. We'll cover a couple of different approaches. It was last If, for any reason, you would like to unsubscribe from the Notification List for this product you will find details of how to do so in the e-mail that has just been sent to you! With a powerful SAMD51 processor, it can easily drive an RGB Matrix display while juggling other tasks. This guide will show you how to assemble and program your Boxing Interval Timer using CircuitPython. If you have an AdaBox 016, then you have everything you need for this project. It also makes use of the ESP32SPI library, along with some lower-level dependencies, to communicate with server over the internet. The Adafruit Matrix Portal is a plug-n-play dev board that makes it easier to do internet connected projects using RGB matrices. Learn more. It was last Master your boxing workout with this Matrix M4 Portal Boxing Gym Interval Timer. This guide will show you how to assemble and program your own Boxing Interval Timer using CircuitPython. Celebrating the, Gift Guide: Electronics Designed by Women. The main purpose of this module was to add any graphics convenience functions in such as displaying a background easily. This branch is a lot lighter than the Network Branch because so much of the functionality is built into CircuitPython and displayio. updated on Sep 28, 2020. It Adafruit Matrix Portal - CircuitPython Powered Internet Display, Black LED Diffusion Acrylic Panel - 10.2" x 5.1", Adafruit Matrix Portal Starter Kit - ADABOX 016 Essentials, Use an art canvas to diffuse an RGB matrix. If you order a full 4 or 5 meters, you get the full reel with both connectors installed. This material is 2.6mm (0.1") thick and is made of Our all-in-one 5V 2.5 Amp + MicroUSB cable power adapter is the perfect choice for powering single-board computers like Raspberry Pi, BeagleBone, or anything else that's As technology changes and adapts, so does Adafruit, and speaking ofadapting, thisadapterhas a Micro B USB jackand a USB C Adafruit Matrix Portal Starter Kit - ADABOX 016 Essentials, Adafruit Matrix Portal - CircuitPython Powered Internet Display, Black LED Diffusion Acrylic Panel - 10.2" x 5.1", 5V 2.5A Switching Power Supply with 20AWG MicroUSB Cable. Adafruit IoT Monthly Boxing Glove Tracker, Disconnecting Smart Appliances, and more! A new guide today in the Adafruit Learning System: Matrix Portal M4 Boxing Interval Timer Transform your home into your own boxing gym with this Matrix Portal M4 Boxing Interval Timer. Our standards page is intended as a guide to best practices that Adafruit uses, as well as an outline of the ethical standards Adafruit aspires to. If, for any reason, you would like to unsubscribe from the Notification List for this product you will find details of how to do so in the e-mail that has just been sent to you! Adafruit seesaw is a near-universal converter framework which allows you to add and extend hardware support to any I2C-capable . 64x32 RGB LED Matrix - 4mm pitch You have been successfully subscribed to the Notification List for this product and will therefore receive an e-mail from us when it is back in stock! Please sign in to subscribe to this guide. This page (Overview) was last updated on Feb 28, 2023. Skip to content. This page (Overview) was last updated on Sep 24, 2020. There are two main branches of dependencies related to Network Functionality and Graphics functionality. This guide was first published on Oct 20, 2020. You have been successfully subscribed to the Notification List for this product and will therefore receive an e-mail from us when it is back in stock! Get the only spam-free daily newsletter about wearables, running a "maker business", electronic tips and more! For security reasons, an e-mail has been sent to you acknowledging your subscription. The MatrixPortal library makes it really easy to get started with creating a new project, using this board, but it also supports a variety of other hardware to make creating project for an RGB Matrix very easy. customer support forums. Many Git commands accept both tag and branch names, so creating this branch may cause unexpected behavior. Our Matrix Portal Moon phase clock lets you know where things stand right here and now, portraying the Moon's phase more accurately than a printed calendar, and whether it's currently in the sky or has set. $24.95 In Stock Add to Cart You can use a USB C power supply or a USB micro B with a micro B to C adapter Adafruit ESP32-S3 Reverse, #MARCHintosh is all month long! It Folks love our wide selection of RGB matrices and accessories, for making custom colorful LED displays and our RGB Matrix Shields nice whoppin' rectangular slab of some lovely black acrylic to add some extra diffusion to your LED Matrix project. customer support forums. It also supports theRGB Matrix FeatherWing for nRF52840 featherswhen used in conjunction with annRF52840 feather. By letting the ESP32 focus on the complex TLS/SSL computation and socket buffering, it frees up the SAMD51 to act as the user interface. The main base, the GraphicsBase, and the NetworkBase. We'll provide some details, but this is more of a just-for-fun project that can create some fun and interesting animations. In this guide, we'll use a Matrix Portal to create a flow field visualizer based on potential flow. sign in The network module has many convenience functions for making network calls. Folks love our wide selection of RGB matrices and accessories, for making custom colorful LED displays and our RGB Matrix Shields As technology changes and adapts, so does Adafruit. Here's a handy power cable for the RGB LED Matrix Panels we carry. The main library now piggyback's on top of the base library. adafruit.com/mastodon. You will be redirected back to this guide once you sign in, and can then subscribe to this guide. Subscribe at, on Easily make a stock ticker with Adafruit Matrix Portal and CircuitPython #MatrixPortal #CircuitPython, Adafruit Matrix Portal - CircuitPython Powered Internet Display, Achieving a goal provides immediate satisfaction; the process of achieving a goal is a lasting pleasure, Adafruit Weekly Editorial Round-Up: Womens, John Parks CircuitPython Parsec: Rainbowio, New Prods 2/22/23 Feat. Superfast with just the right amount of cable length to get your Pi 4 Our all-in-one 5V 2.5 Amp + MicroUSB cable power adapter is the perfect choice for powering single-board computers like Raspberry Pi, BeagleBone, or anything else that's As technology changes and adapts, so does Adafruit, and speaking ofadapting, thisadapterhas a Micro B USB jackand a USB C A nice whoppin' slab of some lovely black acrylic to add some extra diffusion to your LED Matrix project. Shop Learn Blog News, Resources, & More June 23, 2022 AT 8:45 am Advanced Manufacturing 6/22/2022 Featuring the Stencil Machine in Action by Stephanie April 26, 2022 AT 6:00 am Smart Girder Featuring #MatrixPortal by Stephanie April 14, 2022 AT 8:50 am ADAFRUIT WEEKLY EDITORIAL ROUND-UP. For security reasons, an e-mail has been sent to you acknowledging your subscription. If, for any reason, you would like to unsubscribe from the Notification List for this product you will find details of how to do so in the e-mail that has just been sent to you! You have been successfully subscribed to the Notification List for this product and will therefore receive an e-mail from us when it is back in stock! The official Raspberry Pi USB-C power supply is here! You will want to use this branch if your project need to retrieve any data that is not stored on the device itself. Folks love our wide selection of RGB matrices and accessories, for making custom colorful LED displays and our RGB Matrix Shields Bring a little bit of Times Square into your home with this sweet 64 x 32 square RGB LED matrix panel. This guide will get the software running on the bare Matrix Portal hardware. Resets each day. You have been successfully subscribed to the Notification List for this product and will therefore receive an e-mail from us when it is back in stock! It also supports the RGB Matrix FeatherWing for nRF52840 feathers when used in conjunction with an nRF52840 feather. Please remember that this subscription will not result in you receiving any e-mail from us about anything other than the restocking of this item. Note: For the SBC mount, you'll want to put 1.8mm M2.5 standoffs in place first, then bolt the SBC onto those in order to provide the right height for the right-angle USB adapter to align with the slot for the microphone. Moon Phase Clock for Adafruit Matrix Portal, A Minority and Woman-owned Business Enterprise (M/WBE). If, for any reason, you would like to unsubscribe from the Notification List for this product you will find details of how to do so in the e-mail that has just been sent to you! Please sign in to subscribe to this guide. Demos this week include the class pi zero digital sand and the newer matrix portal. Circuit Playground Express is the newest and best Circuit Playground board, with support for CircuitPython, MakeCode, and Arduino. It also has an. Superfast with just the right amount of cable length to get your Pi 4 Our all-in-one 5V 2.5 Amp + MicroUSB cable power adapter is the perfect choice for powering single-board computers like Raspberry Pi, BeagleBone, or anything else that's As technology changes and adapts, so does Adafruit, and speaking ofadapting, thisadapterhas a Micro B USB jackand a USB C A nice whoppin' slab of some lovely black acrylic to add some extra diffusion to your LED Matrix project. You have been successfully subscribed to the Notification List for this product and will therefore receive an e-mail from us when it is back in stock! adafruit industries. and accessories for making custom colorful LED displays and Adafruit RGB Matrix Shields and FeatherWings can be quickly soldered together to make the wiring much easier. These panels are normally used to make video walls, here in New York we see them Bring a little bit of Times Square into your home with this sweet 64x32 square RGB LED matrix panel. adafruit_matrixportal - This library is the main library used with the MatrixPortal adafruit_portalbase - This is the base library that adafruit_matrixportal is built on top of adafruit_esp32spi - This is the library that gives you internet access via the ESP32 using (you guessed it!) You'll use CircuitPython and the Adafruit Matrix Portal to fetch JSON data from the Adafruit Learning System's public API, parse the data, and display it scrolling across a RGB Matrix. If you'd like your LEDs diffused (and if your LED matrix is 4mm pitch or smaller), some acrylic may help: Adafruit carries a number of 64x32 RGB LED Matrices, varying between the space between LEDs (pitch) and whether rigid or flexible. The MatrixPortal library is comprised of the top layer, the Network and Graphics layers, and the WiFi and Matrix layers in the diagram. Use the included screws to attach the power cable to the power plugs with a common screwdriver, then power it with any USB C power supply. Please remember that this subscription will not result in you receiving any e-mail from us about anything other than the restocking of this item. An easy animated Halloween decoration with Matrix Portal M4. Smaller for near your desk, for example. Adafruit Matrix Portal - RGB LED Display - Setup Guide (CircuitPython) - YouTube 0:00 / 8:09 Adafruit Matrix Portal - RGB LED Display - Setup Guide (CircuitPython) 1 view Dec 1, 2022 0. The timer uses an IBM Plex mono typeface, using a . Extract the contents of the zip file, open the directory Matrix_Portal_Flow _Viewer/flow/ and then click on the directory that matches the version of CircuitPython you're using and copy the contents of that directory to your CIRCUITPY drive. The text color changes to a yellowish-amber color for the cooldown portion of the time and red for the resting time. EYE on NPI Maxims Himalaya uSLIC Step-Down Power Module #EyeOnNPI @maximintegrated @digikey, New Products Adafruit Industries Makers, hackers, artists, designers and engineers! The network branch contains all of the functionality related to connecting to the internet and retrieving data. Porting an Arduino library to CircuitPython: VL6180X Bluetooth Cycling Speed & Cadence Sensor Display A Minority and Woman-owned Business Enterprise (M/WBE). Don't fret, we've got . (For larger projects, power the matrices with a separate 5V power adapter), any HUB-75 compatible display (all the ones we stock will work) from 16x32 up to 64x64, any Grove I2C devices using this adapter cable, say for adding audio playback to projects, Cardboard Window Skull With Animated LED Eyes. The MatrixPortal library makes it really easy to get started with creating a new project, using this board, but it also supports a variety of other hardware to make creating project for an RGB Matrix very easy. It handles a lot of things from automatically establishing the connection to getting the time from the internet, to getting data at certain URLs. Bride of, Son of, Revenge of, Teen Wolf Too (hey, they cant all be winners). One of the big benefits of using this library is that it handles a lot of detection and initialization of RGB Matrices and drivers. Adafruit IO is an incredible cloud service that allows you to push and pull data back and forth from many different devices. updated on Sep 26, 2020. Choose your favorite - larger pitch means the display is larger, width and height-wise but with the same number of pixels, and larger may be easier to read further away. It currently supports the MatrixPortal M4 and Metro M4 with RGB Matrix Shield. It also has DACs, ADC, PWM, and tons of GPIO, so it can handle the high speed updating of the RGB matrix. updated on Oct 20, 2020. Adafruit Matrix Portal link https://www.adafruit.com/product/4745 Source Code on GitHub via Twitter Build projects with Circuit Playground in a few minutes with the drag-and-drop MakeCode programming site, learn computer science using the CS Discoveries class on code.org, jump into CircuitPython to learn Python and hardware together, TinyGO, or even use the Arduino IDE. The official Raspberry Pi USB-C power supply is here! Ocean Epoxy Resin Lightbox with RGB LED Matrix Image Adafruit MicroSD SPI or SDIO Card Breakout Board, A Minority and Woman-owned Business Enterprise (M/WBE). updated on Oct 20, 2020. Join over 36,000+ makers on Adafruits Discord channels and be part of the community! #CircuitPython #Python #micropython @ThePSF @Raspberry_Pi. CircuitPython Powered Internet RGB Matrix Display, Adafruit Matrix Portal - CircuitPython Powered Internet Display, 64x32 Flexible RGB LED Matrix - 4mm Pitch, 64x32 Flexible RGB LED Matrix - 5mm Pitch, Black LED Diffusion Acrylic Panel 12" x 12" - 0.1" / 2.6mm thick. Quick links Adafruit RGB Matrix Featherwing Kit - For RP2040, M0 and M4 Feathers, Adafruit RGB Matrix Bonnet for Raspberry Pi, Adafruit RGB Matrix FeatherWing Kit - For nRF52840 Feathers, Adafruit RGB Matrix HAT + RTC for Raspberry Pi - Mini Kit, Adafruit PyPortal - CircuitPython Powered Internet Display, Adafruit PyPortal Pynt - CircuitPython Powered Internet Display - 2.4" TFT, Black LED Diffusion Acrylic Panel 12" x 12" - 0.1" / 2.6mm thick, 64x64 RGB LED Matrix - 3mm Pitch - 192mm x 192mm, Black LED Diffusion Acrylic Panel - 10.2" x 5.1" - 0.1" / 2.6mm thick, Replacement 5V Power Cable for RGB LED Matrices, Adafruit Matrix Portal - CircuitPython Powered Internet Display, Things do not happen. You need this for anything Internet Folks love our wide selection of RGB matrices and accessories, for making custom colorful LED displays and our RGB Matrix Shields Bring a little bit of Times Square into your home with this sweet 64 x 32 square RGB LED matrix panel. Use Git or checkout with SVN using the web URL. This guide was first published on Oct 20, 2020. A Minority and Woman-owned Business Enterprise (M/WBE). (For larger projects, power the matrices with a separate 5V power adapter). It's the best of both worlds! This page (MatrixPortal Library Overview) was last updated on Sep 24, 2020. If nothing happens, download Xcode and try again. Plugs right into the back of any RGB Matrix and is powered over USB C. Circuit Playground Express is the newest and best Circuit Playground board, with support for CircuitPython, MakeCode, and Arduino. By contrast, potential flow problems are commonly assigned as undergraduate homework. If, for any reason, you would like to unsubscribe from the Notification List for this product you will find details of how to do so in the e-mail that has just been sent to you! It also makes use of the ESP32SPI library, along with some lower-level dependencies, to communicate with server over the internet. Otherwise, the parts are available a la carte: This guide was first published on Nov 17, 2020. Adafruit Matrix Portal CircuitPython Powered Internet Display code to fetch Stock info from the web. Rather than having everything in a single module, it was divided into layers. A new guide in the Adafruit Learning System:Creating MatrixPortal Projects with CircuitPython. For security reasons, an e-mail has been sent to you acknowledging your subscription. This internet-connected project can easily be adapted to a REST API of your choice to scroll data of your choice:negative COVID-19 tests, sports scores, positive news headlines, or stock prices. On Monday March 6 we will be raising our Purchase Order minimum from $50 to $100 and removing the PO processing fee. Keeps track of screentime. Creating MatrixPortal Projects with CircuitPython, Moon Phase Clock for Adafruit Matrix Portal, Custom Scrolling Quote Board Matrix Display. This guide shows you how to assemble and program a Boxing Interval Timer using the Adafruit Matrix Portal M4. (Video). We've got so much happening here at Adafruit that it's not always easy to keep up! It has a powerful processor, 10 NeoPixels, mini speaker, InfraRed receive and transmit, two buttons, a switch, 14 alligator clip pads, and lots of sensors: capacitive touch, IR proximity, temperature, light, motion and sound. You will be redirected back to this guide once you sign in, and can then subscribe to this guide. Join us every Wednesday night at 8pm ET for Ask an Engineer! The rest can be used if you want to mount the Matrix using the M3 bosses. MatrixPortalStockTicker is a RGB LED Matrix stock tracker using an Adafruit Matrix Portal board with CircuitPython. Please If, for any reason, you would like to unsubscribe from the Notification List for this product you will find details of how to do so in the e-mail that has just been sent to you! Adafruit Matrix Portal Starter Kit - ADABOX 016 Essentials Dream no more - with the Adafruit Matrix Portal add-on for RGB Matrices, there has never been an easier way to create powerful internet-connected LED displays. So you may have heard of the Adafruit MatrixPortal M4 () and you want to get started with building a project using CircuitPython. It's also an Adafruit seesaw board. The main differences are: The MatrixPortal library has been used in a number of projects. New Products 3/3/2023 Featuring Adafruit PiCowbell Adalogger for Pico MicroSD, RTC & STEMMA QT! This guide was first published on Sep 26, 2020. updated on Oct 28, 2020. Adafruit Matrix Portal - CircuitPython Powered Internet Display Folks love our wide selection of RGB matrices and accessories, for making custom colorful LED displays. Celebrating the, Gift Guide: Electronics Designed by Women, Creating MatrixPortal Projects with CircuitPython, RGB Matrix FeatherWing for M0/M4 feathers, RGB Matrix FeatherWing for nRF52840 feathers. The MatrixPortal library makes it really easy to get started with creating a new project, using this board, but it also supports a variety of other hardware to make creating project for an RGB Matrix very easy. And its a not-too-daunting introduction to CircuitPython and graphics. Adafruit Matrix Portal - CircuitPython Powered Internet Display code to fetch Stock info from the web This is ready to go download the whole thing to your portal add your Wifi info to the secret file and you're ready to go. This guide will show you how to assemble and program your own Boxing Interval Timer using CircuitPython. and the answer Adafruit Matrix Portal - CircuitPython Powered Internet Display, Black LED Diffusion Acrylic Panel 12" x 12" - 0.1" / 2.6mm thick, 64x32 Flexible RGB LED Matrix - 4mm Pitch, 64x32 Flexible RGB LED Matrix - 5mm Pitch, USB Type A to Type C Cable - approx 1 meter / 3 ft long, Official Raspberry Pi Power Supply 5.1V 3A with USB C, 5V 2.5A Switching Power Supply with 20AWG MicroUSB Cable. 3. Adafruits Circuit Playground is jam-packed with LEDs, sensors, buttons, alligator clip pads and more.