She participated in four NASA missions and spent 978 hours in space. "Hispanic or Latino refers to a person of Cuban, Mexican, Puerto Rican, South or Central American, or other Spanish culture or origin regardless of race. Peruvian engineer Claudio Castilln Lvano created a portable respirator and incubator for premature babies. You could hone your cooking skills by inviting family and friends over for aHispanic-inspired dinnerparty, host a Spanish movie night, or attend a local event put on by a Hispanic organization. I was surprised initially by the limited information available in peer-reviewed publications, credible online sources, and research data sets. Over the centuries, many remarkable scientists have emerged from Spanish-speaking lands, cultures and ancestors. He was also the inventor of a windmill, magnetic brakes, a wrench, and a reversible motor. Patents, including U.S. Patent 5,971,952 for a "Breast Pump System Using Wall Vacuum Source.". Peral presented his idea to the Spanish navy staff after conducting various investigations and experiments and receiving approval from his superiors and fellow officers. Zaffaroni patented these early transdermal drug devices in the 1970s. Find out how to protect intellectual property in other countries. The 15th of September is noteworthy because it marks the anniversaries of the independence of Nicaragua, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, and Guatemala. It created the ability to view a functioning human voice box in action. Bellis, Mary. Before developing the "BeautyBlender," Silva also worked on the sets of films, including "Friday" (1995), "Money Talks"(1997), and "Idle Hands"(1999), as well as television programs like "Girlfriends" and "Moesha.". Ophthalmologist. Dr. Liotta graduated from the National University of Cordoba in Argentina where he received his doctorate in Medicine and Surgery. Rea Ann Silva was raised in Los Angeles, California, and studied at the Fashion Institute of Design and Merchandising. Unfortunately, there isnt a lot of detailed information about his invention career since then but, according to his 2017 TEDxBuap biography, Hernndez-Rebollar returned to his native country and is now a professor and researcher at his undergraduate alma mater. Courtesy of NASA, A few stories of often overlooked inventors and innovators in honor of Hispanic Heritage Month. He continued to study and teach privately until his death in London in July of 1906 at the age of 101. The son of a renowned singer and educator, Garca eventually took work as a baritone singer. Is Europa habitable? Depending on where you reside, the leaves begin to turn to beautiful yellows, oranges, and reds. As a teacher of vocal pedagogy, Garca was extremely curious about the mechanics of the human voice. According to theSmithsonian Institution, Ellen Ochoa was the first Hispanic woman astronaut. 1938-2009. In conjunction with Hispanic Heritage Month, the Department of Commerce's United States Patent and Trademark Office is recognizing some Hispanic Americans whose inventions contributed to the nation's social and economic well-being. His life story would make a great Hollywood movie. The tool has been applied to the study of such diverse objects as galaxies and live cells. In the 1970s, Zaffaroni was granted patents for transdermal systemic medication delivery. Ochoa was a revolutionist who sought to overthrow the rule of Mexicos chief executive in the early nineties. Richwine's dissertation parts from a fallacy. Von Ahn is also a co-founder and Chief Executive Officer of the language-learning software Duolingo and a consulting professor in the Computer Science Department at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Born in Puebla, Mexico in 1969, Hernndez-Rebollar earned his bachelors degree in electronics from the Benmerita Universidad Autnoma de Puebla (BUAP) and his masters degree in electronic engineering from the Instituto Nacional de Astrofsica, Optica y Electrnica. The network that would later become Univision released this series of ads calling on "Hispanics" to fill out the 1980 Census. Puebla, Mexico. The Spanish word for a pencil sharpener is el sacapuntas, and the first rendition of this invention was very unlike the one that we use today. Dr. Jose Hernandez-Rebollar was born in Puebla, Mexico, on the 14th of July, 1969. He also supported tele-education for students attending medical school. Check trademark application status and view all documents associated with an application/registration. Guatemalan-born Luis von Ahn created the CAPTCHA and reCAPTCHA systems for cyber security. As the only womaninventor on this list, Doctor Mara del Socorro Flores Gonzlez won the MEXWII 2006 award for her work on diagnostic methods for invasive amebiasis. The following year he also published observations of his larynx and vocal cords made with a small dental mirror introduced into the throat and using sunlight reflected by another mirror, becoming the first person to study human vocal folds in action. Marianne Paguia Gonzalez, a technologist and systems engineer at JPL-NASA, gives us insights into her work for the space agency and a whole lot of pointers on getting into NASA. ", Born in Panam, Alberto P. Herrera and Sebastian A. Vieto were granted U.S. Patent 4,195,080 for "Insecticidal Use of Orange Juice Essence Oil.". Born in El Salvador, Jacobo G. Maria was granted U.S. Patent 4,366,935 for a "Device and Process for Spinning or Twisting and Winding Yarn.". Dr. Tang is named on 84 patents and was inducted into the National Inventors Hall of Fame in 2018 for his co-invention of the OLED. Each year from Sept. 15 to Oct. 15, National Hispanic Heritage Month is celebrated across the United States. Michael Ochs Archives/Getty Images. It is also thought that he invented the pencil and pen clips that allow them to attach to shirt pockets. She first became interested in optics while a fellowship student at Stanford University. Alejandro Campos Ramrez was a poet, publisher and inventor from Galicia who became known world-wide for his invention: table soccer or foosball. Guillermo Gonzlez Camarena (1917-1965), an electrical engineer by trade, invented a chromoscopic converter in 1940 at the age of 23. A whole bag of letters could be destroyed by one good rain or snow. Patents 4,229,845 and 5,046,203 for a "Collapsible Hammock Support.". The information is turned into data that a computer converts into words on a speaker or into text on a screen. Mention their names and achievements below to share with the Direct Auto community! America's white-male-centered imaginings of inventorship and patenting extend beyond the nation's borders, in . She would later spend many years working as a makeup artist for musicians like Dr. Dre, Eve, Tupac, and Brandi, among others, during her time at MTV. Her inventions now help NASA process information collected on . A prototype of her invention is exhibited at the National Museum of Science and Technology in A Corua, even though it was never produced. Sign language can be complex and not everyone is fluent. Dr. Frances Coln: A Scientists Who Served in the US Government as an Advisor #7. He called it the chromosomic adapter for television equipment. In 1963, he saw his invention succeed with the first color television broadcast. When not in prison, he was busy filing for USand international patents and even incorporated the International Airship Company in Patterson, New Jersey, presumably to manufacture his Ochoaplane. Famous Hispanic people and inventors help us carry on Hispanic Heritage Month with pride and teach future generations about their culture and its contributions. Born in Maracaibo, Venezuela, on the 18th of February, 1924, Humberto Fernndez-Morn Villalobos was a Venezuelan research scientist who made numerous significant scientific contributions. the most famous invention from your state. Ellen studied physics at San Diego State University. According to their website: Emilio Sacristan of Santa Ursula Xitla, Mexico, invented an air-pressure powered driver for pneumatic ventricular assist device (VAD). Learn about our current legislative initiatives. The following list is composed of items, techniques and processes that were invented by or discovered by people from Spain.. Spain was an important center of knowledge during the medieval era.While most of western and southern Europe suffered from the collapse of the Roman Empire, although declining, some regions of the former empire, Hispania (the Iberian Peninsula), southern Italy, and the . Right: The Ochoaplane invented by Victor Ochoa around 1908-1911, undated, AC0590-0000009. The World's Greatest Inventors And What They Invented Invented: A variation on the induction telegraph The magnitude of an inventors work can often be defined by the esteem in which he is held by fellow inventors. Famous Hispanic Inventors Who Changed The World. He also owned several patents in the USA, Argentina, and France. 11 Inspiring Famous Hispanic Scientists. 3. Guillermo Gonzalez Camarena - Invented an early color television transmission system; Luis Von Ahn - Inventor of the anti-spam and web robot captcha Born in Uruguay, Alejandro Zaffaroni was one of the most innovative and impactful pioneers in the history of biotechnology. Two male inventorsCharles Gabriel Pravaz of Scotland and Alexander Wood of Franceindependently created the first fine-needle syringes usable on humans in the early 1850s. He also founded the Venezuelan Institute for Neurological and Brain Studies, the predecessor of the current Venezuelan Institute of Scientific Research (IVIC). Here are a select few of some of the most notable. Causing them to bath and wash their hair infrequently. By 2022, they are expected to be produced at a rate 25 times greater than the previous decade. Bez worked for and lectured for the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). Do you have a favorite Hispanic inventor of your own? Walker pioneered the use of female sales agents, who . This procedure proved to be a viable option as a bridge to cardiac transplantation. On April 18, 1965 (at the age of 48), he was killed in an automobile accident in Puebla while traveling back from Las Lajas, Veracruz, where he had been examining a television transmitter. Have a comment about the web page you were viewing? After having her invention stolen by a man who claimed that there was no way a woman could have invented such a . Celebrate Albert Bez's invention by using cereal boxes and paper to make x-ray tablets, ripping up paper to make a skeleton arm, or by making . The result was the creation of the term "Hispanic", first introduced in the US Census in 1970. In the spirit of "Hispanic Heritage Month," we at IE thought it might be nice to collate some of the greatest inventors and scientists from the diverse and talented wider Hispanic community. If this scenario is a regular occurrence in your household, you have Guillermo Gonzlez Camarena to thank. Mousepad. Eventually they invented KalamSat: the lightest satellite in the world. In 1986, he gave the National Library of Medicine a collection of his papers. She also contributed to creating three patents in the field of optics. Photo by Monica M. Smith. Born in Buenos Aires, Argentina, Miguel Angel Ondetti has been granted more than 100 patents, including U.S. Patent 4,105,776 for "Proline Derivatives and Related Compounds" also known as angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors to treat hypertension. He also developed the three-phase system of electric power transmission. So every time you turn on the TV and enjoy your favorite show or sport, remember the contributions of Gonzlez Camarena! Benjamin Valles of Chihuahua, Mexico, developed a system and a method for pre-forming cable for promoting adhesion to overmolding sensor body for Delphi Technologies Inc. Miramontes worked out the missing piece of the puzzle to create progestin, a progesterone-like hormone that could be taken orally to prevent ovulation. Born in Guadalajara, Mxico, Guillermo Gonzlez Camarena was granted U.S. Patent 2,296,019 for a "Chromoscopic adapter for television equipment", an early color television transmission system. He would later make history by developing the first total artificial heart to be successfully implanted in a human in 1969. This procedure helps clear blocked blood vessels and improves blood flow to the heart. Historically, entrepreneurs have relied on patents to protect their inventions from market competitors. Ellen Ochoa. Madam C.J Walker was an inventor, entrepreneur and first African American woman to become a millionaire. Her mechanical book was created decades before Michael Hart's Project Gutenberg and is often referred to as the true inventor of the modern e-book. Hispanic Americans have not only contributed socially and economically to the well-being of the country. These innovative creations and more wouldn't exist today if it weren't for the brilliant minds of these 10 African American inventors. Manuel Ussel de Guimbarda/Wikimedia Commons, Spanish engineer and naval officer Isaac Peral y Caballero (1851-1895) is credited with creating an early electrical-powered submarine, the "Peral Submarine.". Top List of Mexican Inventors. Retrieved from https://www.thoughtco.com/list-of-hispanic-inventors-1991700. Most recently, Villafaa started a new venture, Medical 21, which aims to develop artificial blood vessels as a safer, less invasive alternative for coronary artery bypass graft surgeries. Arias later taught seismic engineering at MIT while serving as a visiting professor in 1969. Frank S. Greene, an electrical engineer, inventor, teacher, and advocate, was a Silicon Valley powerhouse. Because Yahoo was struggling with automated spammers, he donated the technology to the company without charge. One such device came from the mind of Emilio Herrera Linares, from Spain. Ochoa was a revolutionist who sought to overthrow the rule of Mexico's chief executive in the early nineties. Brunel was a popular civil engineer from Britain, responsible for building bridges and also the first major British railway. 27. However, the norethindrone version developed by Miramontes' team was approved shortly after and has since become an industry standard. For other assistance, please see our contact us page. Mexican inventor Victor Ochoa was also a Mexican revolutionary. Paper-bag-making machine. X-Ray microscope. I was shocked to learn she became the first Hispanic female astronaut in space. Ochoa became most notoriousas a Mexican revolutionary; in the 1890s, he had a $50,000 bounty on his head,to be delivered dead or alive to President Porfirio Daz of Mexico! Although progesterone was used in contraception before 1951, it needed to be injected. She went on four missions with NASA, spending 978 hours in outer space. Domingo Santo Liotta was born in Argentina in 1924 to Italian immigrants and went on to become a heart surgery pioneer. Before Ochoa was born, her family, originally from Mexico, relocated to California, where she was born and raised. Among many other scientific areas, he contributed to the development of electron cryomicroscopy, which uses superconductive electromagnetic lenses in electron microscopes to attain the highest resolution conceivable. He . It successfully pumped blood through the body of the patient for nearly three days. Liotta belonged to several international medical associations throughout his life. Allegedly, the idea of the naturally occurring flow system in a waterfall led him to take his diamond scalpel invention and combine it with an ultramicrotome to significantly improve the ultra-thin sectioning of electron microscopy samples. Born in Mxico, Lydia Villa-Komaroff has been granted U.S. Patent 4,565,785 for "Recombinant DNA Molecule" and U.S. Patent 4,411,994 for "Protein Synthesis." Although Lvano's invention, the Incuven, regulates temperature and lowers the risk of infection for infants, it was not the first ever developed. Jaime Escalante (1930-2010): The Best teacher in North America #9. CAPTCHA stands for Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers and Humans Apart and was invented in 2000 in part by Guatemalan professor of computer science, Luis Von Ahn. Plasma engine for rockets. (1941-) is an engineer and inventor. Today, transdermal drug patches are used to distribute contraceptives, antidepressants, nicotine, and pain medications. During the Spanish Civil War in 1936, Campos was injured and had to stay in the hospital for a long time. He was inducted into the National Inventors Hall of Fame in 2012. His invention was used in NASA's Voyager mission in 1979 to take pictures and video of Jupiter. High-risk infants delivered before full-term gestation can benefit from this discovery by living longer in neonatal intensive care (NICU). Philanthropist and entrepreneur Madam C.J. First on the list is Ignacio Urresti. Astronaut Ellen Ochoa, STS-110 Atlantis mission specialist, works the controls of the Canadarm2 robotic arm in the Destiny Laboratory on the International Space Station, April 11, 2002. According to the Smithsonian Institution, Ellen Ochoa was the first Hispanic woman astronaut. We may have questions about your feedback, please provide your email address. The erectile dysfunction drug, Viagra, on the other hand, was an accidental discovery. I am slowly compiling a database thathopefully will provide the basis for more in-depth research on Hispanic inventors and innovators for publications, programs, and exhibitions at the Smithsonian and beyond. Between the 15th of September and the 15th of October every year, Americans celebrate National Hispanic Heritage Month by honoring the histories, cultures, and accomplishments of Americans who have ancestors from Spain, Mexico, the Caribbean, Central America, and South America. The color transmission was broadcast direct from his laboratory in Mexico City. For example, alongside Luis Alvarez, there are at least three other National Inventors Hall of Fame members who are Hispanic: Miguel Angel Ondetti, inducted in 2004 for captopril, the first of a new class of drugs known as angiotensin converting enzyme, or ACE, inhibitors (US Patent4,105,776); Julio Palmaz, inducted in 2006 for the first commercially-successful intravascular stent, known as the Palmaz Stent (US Patent4,733,665); and Alejandro Zaffaroni, inducted in 2012 for transdermal bandages for administering drugs (US Patent3,598,122). He participated in the Apollo Project with NASA and taught at numerous institutions, including MIT, the University of Chicago, and the University of Stockholm. Later, in a test with naval officials, it simulated an attack on a cruiser at night without being spotted and safely returned to port. He did serve two years in jail and lost his U.S. citizenshipfor organizing an army in the United States for the purpose of invading Mexico. After his release, President Theodore Roosevelt restored his citizenship by a special proclamation in 1906. You sit down on the couch, turn on the TV, and prepare to watch the weekends biggest game. NASA has much to thank the Spanish inventor. At the age of 100, he was received at Buckingham Palace by King Edward VII. With an undergraduate degree in physics and a master's and doctorate in electrical engineering, she served as a researcher at Sandia National Laboratories and NASA's Ames Research Center and is the co-inventor of three optics-related US Patents (4,674,824 . Born in Colombia, Miguel Forero was granted U.S. Patent 5,336,562 for "Polyolefin Yarns with Good Performance for Rugs and Carpets and Method of Producing the Same" and U.S. Patent 5,556,684 "Manufacturing Process for Synthetic Fiber Carpets Fixed by Fusion at Regular Intervals with Crests or Tufts, without Using Glues or Using Small Amounts of Glues, where Threads Do not Loosen and thus Obtaining the Carpets.". Linares invented the pressurized space suit in 1936, initially to protect people flying in hot air balloons to high altitudes. Not only has she won numerous awards for her pioneering career and been inducted into boththe California Hall of Fame and the US Astronaut Hall of Fame, but also she has six schools named after her in four USstates. Born in Uruguay, Alejandro Zaffaroni has been granted over 45 patents to date, including U.S. Patent 3,598,122 "Bandage for Administering Drugs." His field is electrical engineering, and the sensor-studded glove was his doctoral engineering project. George Washington Carver. Rea Ann Silva and her now famous invention. Hispanic-Americans, both immigrants and their descendants, have changed the world through their contributions to science, industry, the arts, sports, and politics on Earth, obviously, but even beyond. When his team developed the progestin norethisterone used in one of the first three oral contraceptives in 1951, Mexican chemist Luis Miramontes (1925-2004) was only 26 years old and a doctoral student working in the lab of Carl Djerassi and George Rosenkranzin's at Syntex SA in Mexico City. For his invention, Camarena became the first person in history to receive a patent for the development of a color television (U.S. Patent 2,296,019). To develop his concepts for controlled medication delivery systems, Zaffaroni established the ALZA Corporation in 1968. M. Gregorio Maran (1887-1960), doctor and researcher, . He received the US patent 2296019 on September 15, 1942, for his " chromscopic adapter for television equipment". Ochoa is also known for inventing the ochoaplane, an adjustable wrench, and a pen and pencil clip, among other inventions. Mario Molina is a Mexican scientist and chemist. Ruiz Robles was a dedicated teacher and educator who began her career at a time when only 25% of the female population knew how to read and write. Downing's design was the precursor for . Called the "Enciclopedia Mecnica" (Mechanical Encyclopedia), she received several patents for the device. 05. He made a number of inventions related to high speed trains. These Hispanic inventors, many of which toiled in obscurity have incredible stories that are worth sharing. Returning to the topic of Nobel Prize winners, besides chemist Mario Molina mentioned above, there are several Hispanic Nobelists in the sciences who deserve recognition. His model was made using two mirrors and the sun for an external light source. We are no longer supporting IE (Internet Explorer) as we strive to provide site experiences for browsers that support new web standards and security practices. The Peral submarine is considered the worlds first electric battery operated submarine. Born in Honduras, Elena Nuez was granted U.S. Patent 4,935,254 for a "Banana Flavoring Process" and three other related patents. 7,077,022 on July 18, 2006. His revolutionary work is something many of us benefit from directly on a regular basis. Nevertheless, the University of Knigsberg later awarded him an honorary M.D. Since then Villafaa has continued to be an innovator (with several patents) and a serial entrepreneur, founding another major company, St. Jude Medicalknow for the St. Jude valveas well as ATS Medical and several smaller companies. He was laid to rest on the grounds of the St. Edward's Catholic Church in Sutton Green, Surrey. He would later, in 1907, sell the invention to the Seattle-based American Brake Company. Inventor: Margaret Knight. According toEncyclopedia Britannica, from 2013-to 2018, Dr. Ochoa worked as the director of NASAs Johnson Space Center in Houston, TX. Nikola Tesla, (born July 9/10, 1856, Smiljan, Austrian Empire [now in Croatia]died January 7, 1943, New York, New York, U.S.), Serbian American inventor and engineer who discovered and patented the rotating magnetic field, the basis of most alternating-current machinery. The most recent biotech business formed by Zaffaroni is Alexza Pharmaceuticals. His best-known invention, the Ochoaplane was a small flying machine with collapsible wings. Photo by Sandy Schaeffer for NSF. This invention helps to save the lives of high-risk babies born before full-term gestation in neonatal intensive care (NICU). As the father of modern neuroscience, the list of his discoveries in this field is quite long, and most of them have very complicated names. Ellen grew up in the Golden State and attended San Diego State University for a degree in Physics. According to the National Museum of American History, it was implanted in a patient while they waited for a real human heart to be available for transplant. Victor Ochoa with his folding wing plane (wings folded), circa 1933. He spoke withstudents about his development of the AcceleGlovean electronic glove that translates sign language into written and spoken form. What exactly do we have to thank him for? VentureWell reports that Hispanic inventors file for patents at half the rate of Black inventors, a trend the USPTO is determined to . Today, there are so many ways to celebrate Hispanic Heritage Month! However, we'll use the official U.S. Census definition for this compilation of inventors, with no distinction made between U.S. citizens and non-U.S. citizens. He is also credited with developing clips for pencils and pens, which enable them to fit into shirt pockets. Other inventions he patented in the USincluded: a reversible motor (USPatent718,508), a pen for fountain pens (US Patent825,153), rail magnetic brakes (US Patents867,147 and 873,587), a windmill (US Patent1,319,174), and wrenches (US Patents1,417,196 and 1,454,333). Heres what the terms Latino, Hispanic, and Latinx mean and how to use them. Mario Molina. #11. Any references to data, third party rates, or products are subject to change without notice. Chewing Gum. Jose Hernandez-Rebollar invented the Acceleglove, a glove that can translate sign language into speech. She was born Sarah Breedlove on 12/23/1867 in Delta Louisiana. A doctorate holder and one of the world leaders in semiconductor technology . Lin-Manuel Miranda. Other notable names include astrophysicist France A. Crdova, the first women to hold the position of NASA Chief Scientist and now Director of the National Science Foundation; Mexican engineer Guillermo Gonzlez Camarena, who invented an early color television transmission system; molecular biologist Lydia Villa-Komaroff, who conducted pioneering work in DNA technology and protein synthesis; and computer scientist Luis Von Ahn, a MacArthur Fellow who co-created CAPTCHA while a graduate student at Carnegie Mellon University and then invented ReCAPTCHA and Duolingo. Hispanic Heritage Month is in full swing. Born in Puerto Rico, Olga D. Gonzlez-Sanabria was granted U.S. Patent 4,505,998 for "Alkaline Battery Containing a Separator of a Cross-Linked Polymer of Vinyl Alcohol and Unsaturated Carboxylic Acid." Source. Norton is a master of figuring out a new purpose for each discarded part. Santiago Ramon y Cajal was a famous Hispanic inventor who was awarded the Nobel . Lets start with inventor Victor LeatonOchoa, who was a fascinating character to say the least. How many inventors can claim that?! A laundry operation circa 1925 . Ellen Ochoa. She also added co-inventor to her resume when she helped develop three patents in the field of optics. Ochoa also invented the Ochoaplane and the adjustable wrench. In 1936, Ochoa returned to Sinaloa, Mexico, where he reportedly died nine years later. At the young age of 23, Mexican engineer Guillermo Gonzlez Camarena patented a system that would allow television to be viewed in color, instead of in black and white. Thomas L. Jennings. He created the "Instrumental Seismic Intensity" or "Arias Intensity" (AI) method in 1970. Mary Bellis covered inventions and inventors for ThoughtCo for 18 years. On September 20, 1884, after years in the Navy, Peral first had the idea for his "Proyecto de Torpedero Submarino" ("Project for a submarine torpedo-boat"), which he wrote about in a paper. The X-ray reflection microscope was created in 1948 by Paul Kirkpatrick, a Stanford physics professor, and Mexican-American physicist Albert Vinicio Bez (1912-2007). 31, 2021, thoughtco.com/list-of-hispanic-inventors-1991700. His earliest inventions at ALZA comprised a progesterone-releasing contraceptive and a thin film for treating glaucoma. Liotta was the author of numerous scientific articles and books, including volumes on medical humanism written in both English and Spanish. October 29, 1991 - Bone Marrow Transplant. Manny Villafaa at St. Jude Medical headquarters, June 27, 2013. from Santa Clara University, School of Law. Guerilla warfare was first documented during the Napoleonic invasion of Spain in the 19the Century. This version was a vast improvement on simply crushing the potatoes on your own as it produced a smoother and more buttery soft potato. 7. One day, a machine broke in the assembly line, causing some Cheetos to not get dusted with the bright orange cheese powder, so Richard took some home and put chili powder on them. ", Born in Chile, Luis Alejandro Cavallo Caroca was granted U.S. Design Patent D582,231 for the "Ornamental Design of a Corkscrew" and also U.S. Design Patent D584,122 for the "Ornamental Design of Scissors.". Hispanics are among the most widely dispersed and diverse ethnicities in the world. Later, in 2002, Silva was able to capitalize on the product and develop a commercial product that would earn her numerous honors and propel her business to the top of the cosmetics sector. We are fortunate to have his papers in the Archives Center at the National Museum of American History. In 1951, Miramontes, then a college student, was under the direction of Syntex Corp Ceo George Rosenkranz and researcher Carl Djerassi. ", Born in Bolivia, Hugo Tern Salguero was granted U.S. Patent 4,055,156 for a "Rotary Engine. Walker (1867-1919) Madam C.J.